| Syndrome X, also called Metabolic Syndrome or Cardiometabolic Syndrome, was recently given defining parameters through an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association. It is defined in patients having at least 3 of the following parameters:
- Waist measurement of 40 inches or greater in men and 35 inches or greater in women.
- Serum triglycerides level higher than 150mg/dl.
- Constant hunger
- HDL cholesterol less than 40 mg/dl. In men and less than 50mg/dl in women.
- Blood pressure of 135/85 mm Hg. or greater.
- Fasting serum glucose of 110mg/dl or higher.
Reference: "Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome among US Adults: finding from the Third national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey." Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH. JAMA 2002, Jan. 16; 287(3):356-9
This JAMA article estimates that nearly 25% of Americans (47 million) have Syndrome X. The rate in Latin Americans is about 33%. And most likely, another sizable group is hovering just under qualifying levels in one or more of the parameters that define this metabolic disorder. The survey reported in this article was completed from 1988-1994. Has the situation improved since? - 20% of American children are overweight.
- 25% 4-10 years of age and
- 21% of those 11-18 have early signs of Type 2 diabetes demonstrated through impaired glucose tolerance.
- 25% 4-10 years of age and
- 21% of those 11-18 have early signs of Type 2 diabetes demonstrated through impaired glucose tolerance.
Researchers found insulin resistance in the following percentage of patients:
- 66% in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance,
- 84% in those with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM),
- 54% in participants with hypercholesterolemia (elevated cholesterol),
- 84% in those with hypertriglyceridemia (elevated triglycerides),
- 88% in subjects with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels,
- 63% in participants with hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid) and
- 58% in those with hypertension.
Reference: Diabetes, October, 1998; 47:1643-1649.
According to USDA we now consume an average of 150 pounds/year of sugars!
In 1900 it was about half that amount. |